• Land Ecosystems
  • Transects
  • Food chains and food webs
  • Forestry and plants. Reproduction
  • Biodiversity: population surveys
  • Bio-indicators: Lichen survey
• Water Ecosystems
  • Fresh water survey
  • Flowing water vs pond
  • Slow vs fast water
  • Biodiversity: invertebrates adaptation
  • Bio-indicators: polluted and non-polluted rivers (Sewage plant visit)

• Human impact on environment
  • Footpath erosion and Litter survey
  • Regional Park of Sierra de Gredos

+Guided classroom work prior and after practical field work, including:

• Methodology: Sampling methods and use of equipment provided.
• Analysis: how to interpret data, statistical studies…
  • Chi squared test
  • Spearman’s Rank Correlation
  • Simpson Yale Index
  • Nearest neighbor analysis
  • Lincoln Index